happen - I happened to pass by, so we had a chat. too, we can use either a to-infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning of the sentence may change. discuss We discussed going on holiday together. 4. We can use certain nouns such as advantage, disadvantage, demand, disaster, idea, mistake, etc. 2. advise She advised waiting until tomorrow. Joined Jul 27, 2013 After certain/some verbs eg. Infinitives in English, Verb + Infinitive List, Verb + Infinitive or Gerund List in english; Verb + Infinitive Verb + Infinitive or Gerund agree aim afford appear arrange ask care choose claim consent dare decide decline demand deserve desire expect fail guarantee happen hope intend know learn manage need offer plan pledge prepare pretend promise refuse resolve seem tend struggle swear . 2. advise She advised waiting until tomorrow. The infinitive phrases are not the object of the verb "study" but form an adverbial modifier. b) after prepositions and phrasal verbs: We are really looking forward to hearing from you. She started learning to play the piano. Common verbs followed by the gerund: enjoy I enjoyed living in France. Catenative verbs: gerunds and infinitives. Features. 1. It can be a little difficult to know when to use gerunds and infinitives. Show activity on this post. I'm only responding to this urgent demand because it might help other students. A gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing.". love. Both gerunds and infinitives can be subjects in sentences, and both gerunds and infinitives can serve as the object of a verb. As with gerunds, it takes a lot of practice to recognize which words this applies to and there is no rule to help. Upvote 0 Downvote. 2. Continue. Learn when to use the gerund and when to use the infinitive in English grammar with Lingolia's online lesson. Understand - I have understood using the infinitive. demand deng deserve dislike don't mind enJog expect fail fanog (fanog=) feel like finish give up keep help hope* invite imagine learn manage mean migg offer . There are also some words such as demand, hope, and pretend, that must be followed by an infinitive. Deserve merixer He deserves to go to jail. He denied stealing the money. (negative) An infinitive consists of to + base form of the verb. He agreed to meet her after school. Words derived from #1 Is it possible to use the gerund after to demand? 4. appreciate I appreciated hearing from them. Enjoy! He enjoys spending time with you. Many of these verbs are listed below. Elszr is tisztzzuk, hogy mi micsoda, gy taln knnyebb lesz megrteni a szablyokat, s megtallni a logikjt annak, hogy mikor melyiket kell hasznlni. play > playing, cry > crying, bark > barking; For verbs that end in e, remove the e and add ing. Verbing (Present Participle) Add ing to most verbs. 1. We finished reading the book. To understand the gerund and infinitive, you need to remember 3 rules: Gerund. Infinitive to to . What is Infinitive? How does the gerund phrase function? There are some Verbs that usually take a gerund (V+ing) after them. deserve She deserves to have a fair hearing. Gerund VS Infinitive, E-J Example Sentences. prefer. One of the difficulties of the English language is to know whether to use a gerund (ex : doing) or an infinitive (ex : to do). Purpose of another action eg. 2. 1. Infinitive. (gerund) I forgot to bring my lunch box. Week 8 Gerund/Infinitive Practice. On the other hand the gerund form is the object and tells us what you are studing: These verbs can also be followed by a Gerund or an Infinitive without changing their meaning. 1. Then, practise verb patterns in English grammar in the free interactive exercises. After a preposition eg. Gerund Infinitive Someone to do to do someone to do forget begin admit agree advise* ask regret continue advise* appear allow choose remember hate appreciate attempt cause expect try like celebrate can't afford encourage need love consider can't wait forbid pay prefer delay come force want start deny decide hire would like discuss demand invite 6. bear I can't bear waiting in long lines. GERUND & INFINITIVE (V + V -ing) LIST of VERBS FOLLOWED by GERUNDS 1. admit He admitted stealing the money. An infinitive is the base form a a verb, with or without "to." Gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence. demand - I demand to see the person in charge! According to Collins, predispose can accept both to + infinitive and to + gerund. IE Gerund Infinitive Sentences. The verb catenate (which has its origins in the Latin catena, a chain) may be defined as join together in a series. Q. We use gerunds after certain verbs. Persamaaan Baik gerund dan infinitive dapat menjadi objek dari sebuah verb (kata kerja) utama. (Dia menyesal meninggalkan pesta begitu cepat.) Verb + Infinitive Verb + Infinitive or Gerund appear arrange ask . Persamaaan Baik gerund dan infinitive dapat menjadi objek dari sebuah verb (kata kerja) utama. I love to drink a cup of coffee before running because it gives me an extra boost. Contoh: She regretted leaving the party so soon. Secara fungsi, gerund dan infinitive memiliki persamaan sekaligus perbedaan. get - It's not fair that she gets to see him first. Lesson 3.3 Which are the verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives Gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence. Infinitive: Verb + Person (as object) + infinitive with to. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed. Some examples are eating, playing and listening. We use infinitives after certain verbs. Dread. Following a verb (gerund or infinitive) Both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. Tip 1: Both gerunds and infinitives follow certain verbs you'll learn much more about which verbs below. Verb + object + infinitive/gerund - verb patterns. Additionally, when the main verb of the sentence is a form of be followed by an adjective, an infinitive often follows. Have a go at this worksheet to practise some common gerund and infinitive patterns. She wants to become an engineer. 1. Gerunds are formed by adding ING to the end of a verb. 22 terms. The infinitive is almost always saved for cases where the infinitive has a subject. Learners find it really difficult to understand why certain verbs are followed by the gerund, some are followed by the infinitive and some are followed either by the gerund or the infinitive. I fancy having a beer with my meal. Matching Mole Senior Member England, English May 27, 2010 #2 No, you should use the infinitive here, and the same goes for other request verbs, such as wish, want, request, etc. We can use the infinitive with or without to e.g. 2. advise She advised waiting until tomorrow. - We use the gerund (-ing): a) when the gerund is the object or part of the subject of a clause: Exercising every morning is the best way to keep fit! Understanding Gerunds & Infinitives Sometimes a main verb is followed by an object. 4. appreciate I appreciated hearing from them. 5. avoid He avoided answering my question. Those Verbs are as follows Appreciate- He appreciated going with me. Gerunds and Infinitives. GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES Be Verb Verb Verb + +Adjective Verb + +Preposition +Inifinitive or Gerund +Preposition Infinitive +Gerund Gerund +Gerund acknowledge adapt to be accustomed to agree attempt admit adjust to be afraid of aim begin advise agree (with) on be angry about afford can/can't bear anticipate apologize for be ashamed of appear can/can't stand appreciate approve of be capable of . The gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading.". To-Infinitive. The mogt used are: Forget + infinitive: to fail to do gth. afford agree appear arrange beg choose decide expect fail help (also without to) hesitate hope learn manage mean offer plan prepare . He enjoys spending time with you. A to-infinitive can be used to express purpose: I'm calling to place an order for delivery. start . Using Gerunds and Infinitives _____ Gerunds and infinitives are verb forms that can take the place of a noun in a sentence. hesitate - Don't hesitate to call. We use gerunds after prepositions. + for someone + to + infinitive. Common verbs followed by the gerund: enjoy I enjoyed living in France. Also, try to do this by yourself first before you check your answers on page 2 - no peeping! Verb. Students spread all the cards out face down on the table and take turns trying to find two which . fail - They failed to follow the instructions. Knowing which verbs or phrases are followed by gerunds, infinitives or either can be a difficult task. Some verbg can be followed either infinitive or gerund BUT with changeg of meaning. The infinitive . You may be familiar with the term catenation as it is used in the analysis of connected speech where it refers to how sounds are linked. finish We've finished preparing for the meeting. Diya went to the door to open it. Sometimes the use of a gerund or an infinitive can change the meaning of a sentence. Remember: If the first verb of a sentence (the verb used before gerund/infinitive) is in the past form, the past gerund and past infinitive show the past remark/result of a past action. Ex. Infinitives use to before the verb so the examples above would be to eat, to play and to listen. The infinitive phrases are not the object of the verb "study" but form an adverbial modifier. I demand to the manager of the hotel immediately. We need a new approach to winning customers. 3. anticipate I anticipate having a good time on vacation. The gerund, on the other hand, refers to the action as a thing , a kind of activity, without any real concern for when it happens or with what regularity. . 2. I've also included example sentences and practice questions for you. A gerund is a base verb + ing that works like a noun. Verb + Gerund Verb +Preposition +Gerund Be +Adjective +Preposition +Gerund Verb + Infinitive Verb +Infinitive or Gerund I advise studying 29 terms. To make a gerund, you add "-ing" to the verb. . 3. anticipate I anticipate having a good time on vacation. Above the object is implied, but you could give a noun as the object. Information about Infinitives and gerunds, their usage, and how they fit into sentences. He expected to win the competition. I studied calculus to past the test. Gerunds and Infinitives Exercise 3. f t p. Choose the correct answer for each gap below, then click the "Check" button to check your answers. Tip: check out what the Longman Dictionary says about the verbs you find most difficult (I have a link on the right hand sidebar). Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. Some other verbs can be followed by either a to-infinitive or a gerund, but the meaning of the sentence may change. 8 = verb followed by an infinitive OR an optional noun + an infinitive 13 = verb followed by a gerund OR an infinitive with a difference in meaning 14 = verb followed by a gerund OR an infinitive with little difference in meaning Verb patterns: verb + infinitive or verb + - ing ? The list of verbs followed by gerunds is more concrete while the verbs followed by infinitives are more abstract. A number of verbs are commonly followed by gerunds and/or infinitives. Verbs followed by a gerund or an infinitive with change in meaning (Anlamna gre -ing fiil veya to fiil ile alabilen . Knowing which verbs or phrases are followed by gerunds, infinitives or either can be a difficult task. Verbs of perception. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. 2. Actually, in this case, it seems the infinitive works because of "need" and the gerund works . It was a mistake for you to lend him the money. I studied calculus to past the test. I am keen on running to get fit. c) after certain verbs (next section): We should really avoid driving through the city centre in the . Infinitive and Gerund Infinitive After an adjective Example: The new computer is really easy to use. Sometimes, people need to be told the truth. You can use a gerund as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentence. Y. yoriko520 Junior Member. These verbs can be followed by either (a) a gerund or (b) a noun phrase or pronoun + to -infinitive, with almost no difference in meaning. In order and so as can be used before a to-infinitive for emphasis in more formal styles: Gerunds and infinitives are nouns formed from verbs. Verb Non Finite Verb Verb ing . (to) be, (to) have, (to) do. I demand (to know, knowing) who is responsible. expect [8] esperar They expect to arrive early. In 1993, to meet demand for better fuel economy, the automobile company Toyota began developing the hybrid car now known as the Prius. Type gerund/infinitive in the Google Custom S(earch)box near the top of the page.You will find links to previous answers to your question. As the gerund has verbal and noun character English has two possibilities for verb +object. The verb "to learn" is supposed to be followed by an infinitive, which is stated by many grammar books that have a list of verbs followed by a gerund or an infinitive: He was learning to shoot. Tip 2: Gerunds follow prepositions in a sentence, including prepositions in phrasal verbs. 13 = verb followed by a gerund OR an infinitive with a difference in meaning . Verbs followed by a gerund or an infinitive without change in meaning (Anlamda deiiklik olmadan -ing fiil veya to fiil ile alabilen fiiller) Begin. That object can be either a gerund or an infinitive. hate. For example, "Running is fun.". like. Spelling Tip. 5. avoid He avoided answering my question. - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary Following a verb (gerund or infinitive) Both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. Now that you know how these two elements can work in similar ways, it's time to note an important difference in the gerund/infinitive equation: A gerund can be the object of a preposition; an infinitive cannot. Above the object is implied, but you could give a noun as the object. *Verb + (somebody/something) + to infinitive: Ask, choose, expect, help, intend, promise, want. Verbs that are followed by other verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive.A gerund is a verb ending in "ing" that functions as a noun.An infinitive is the basic or root form of a verb, typically preceded with "to." Understanding how these words function is a crucial step in developing your English skills.The following lists of verbs followed by other verbs will help you practice . After certain verbs (with to) Example: He refused to pay the bill. A gerund is a verb in its ing (present participle) form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. (gerund) I forgot to bring my lunch box. There really are not any clear "rules." One just has to memorize (or refer to) lists such as this one. (infinitive - to + base verb) There are certain verbs that can only be followed by one or the other, and these verbs must be memorized. Using Gerunds and Infinitives A gerund is a verb form that ends in "-ing" and is used as a noun (walking, traveling, voting); an infinitive is the base form of a verb preceded by "to" (to walk, to travel, to vote). This answer is not useful. We use gerunds after prepositions. Secara fungsi, gerund dan infinitive memiliki persamaan sekaligus perbedaan. mind I don't mind coming early. Common verbs followed by a gerund: Example: He misses playing with his friends. Ex. suggest He suggested staying at the Grand Hotel. The to-infinitive as object is more frequent, in some cases the speakers prefer the gerund. Any action verb can be made into a gerund. There really are not any clear "rules." One just has to memorize (or refer to) lists such as this one. Demand exigir He demanded to speak to Mr. Harris. We must memorize which verbs are followed by which verbal (that is, gerund or infinitive). Just like gerund, it is a named verb that can be used in the case of a subject or object in a sentence. (gerund - verb + ing) I want to see a movie. dislike I dislike waiting for buses. Infinitives with and without to - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary Here is a short list for each: pk 1 GERUND & INFINITIVE (V + V -ing) LIST of VERBS FOLLOWED by GERUNDS 1. admit He admitted stealing the money. I do the shopping once a week to buy food. It can be a single word. TO-infinitive or gerund: ADVISE, RECOMMEND, ALLOW, PERMIT, FORBID, REQUIRE. Both can be used as the subject or object of a sentence. 109 terms. dislike I dislike waiting for buses. 3. anticipate I anticipate having a good time on vacation. ( subject of the sentence) I enjoy reading. The to-infinitive has noun character. Indeed a gerund is a noun made from a verb. Because gerunds and infinitives have this difference discussed above, one way to help them remember is to provide a list of verbs. Rules For Using Gerunds and Infinitives Gerunds and Infinitives Gerund The "-ing" form of a verb which works as a noun is known as a gerund. GERUND & INFINITIVE (V + V -ing) LIST of VERBS FOLLOWED by GERUNDS 1. admit He admitted stealing the money. demand I demand to see the results of the survey. 6. 6. With many verbs of perception (e.g. suggest He suggested staying at the Grand Hotel. My job requires me to handle many letters from abroad. The infinitive is the basic form of the verb. In some cases a gerund is acceptable after "to learn . To pass this test, you need to achieve a score of 60% or more. Verb + Gerund Verb +Preposition +Gerund Be +Adjective +Preposition +Gerund Verb + Infinitive Verb +Infinitive or Gerund I advise studying Structure 1: S + GV + having + V3 + ROTS . We use gerunds after certain verbs. Subject of the sentence eg. Infinitive with to . Gerund Infinitive Someone to do to do someone to do forget begin admit agree advise* ask regret continue advise* appear allow choose remember hate appreciate attempt cause expect try like celebrate can't afford encourage need love consider can't wait forbid pay prefer delay come force want start deny decide hire would like discuss demand invite Using Gerunds or infinitives. He risked not getting a raise. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed. (See all the gerund and infinitive exercises here) Here's my video on the subject: We use gerunds (verb + ing): After certain verbs - I enjoy singing; After prepositions - I drank a cup of coffee before leaving Cease. TO-infinitive or gerund: NEED, REQUIRE, WANT. We use infinitives after certain verbs. Other than that, I can think of approach: We need a new approach to win customers. Passive infinitives are also common: The help desk advised checking the "Advanced Settings" option. 1. She wants to become an engineer. can't bear. Gerund and infinitive pelmanism/ memory game/ pairs. Contoh: She regretted leaving the party so soon. 5. avoid He avoided answering my question. Examples: Reading helps you learn English. dread [14] odira, tenir por I dread to think what might happen. They expect him to take part in the contest. Start studying Unit 19 - Infinitive or gerund. The "to" might have been the neutre form of the definite article , but gender was given up very early in English. Make cards with a more or less equal number of verbs which only take gerund ("mention", etc) and verbs which only take infinitive ("need", etc), plus maybe a few verbs which take both. finish We've finished preparing for the meeting. 2. fancy I fancy seeing a film tonight. 3. They anticipate/expect the company to have a 5% increase in profit next year. hope - I hope to see you soon. He regrets having argued with his teacher. Infinitives. Explanations B2 Grammar Explanations Verb + object + infinitive/gerund . COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY TO + INFINITIVE: agree ask* decide help* kitchen plan hope learn want* would like* promise can afford manage prepare* demand choose offer wait would hate* would love* She agreed to give a presentation at the meeting I asked to leave early / I asked him to leave early We decided to go out for dinner My grandmother recalled a plane for the very first time when she was six.
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